Theophylline Inhibits Capillary Degeneration in Early Diabetic Retinopathy

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2026 Feb 2;67(2):8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.67.2.8.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Recent evidence suggests that simultaneous inhibition of multiple diabetes-induced molecular abnormalities is a valuable approach toward inhibiting the development of early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). T

The functions of FXYD family members in human health and disease

The FXYD family (FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulators) proteins consist of short, single-pass transmembrane proteins that primarily regulate the Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase (NKA) pump, a key player in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis. Ranging from 60 to 160 amino acids in length, FXYD protein