Qualitative Results from a Pilot Study of an Automated Directly Observed Therapy Intervention Using Artificial Intelligence with Conditional Economic Incentives among Young Adults with HIV

AIDS Behav. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s10461-025-04748-1. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDigitally monitoring and supporting daily antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a promising strategy for enhanced adherence among young adults with HIV (YWH). We implemented an innovative mobile app-based intervention

Preferences for the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Breast Cancer Screening in Australia: A Discrete Choice Experiment

Patient. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s40271-025-00742-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Breast cancer screening is considered an effective early detection strategy. Artificial intelligence (AI) may both offer benefits and create risks for breast screening programmes. To use AI in health scr

Efficacy of two different treatment modalities for juvenile patients with anterior disk displacement without reduction: an 18-month follow-up study

Odontology. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s10266-025-01121-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate the prognosis of adolescent patients with anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) who were treated with disk repositioning through suturing or arthrocentesis plus hya

Combination therapies and novel delivery systems: a new frontier in overcoming TRAIL resistance in gastric cancer

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-04208-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGastric cancer (GC) presents a formidable challenge in oncology, mainly due to its inherent resistance to therapies such as tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)

Application of artificial intelligence-based three dimensional digital reconstruction technology in precision treatment of complex total hip arthroplasty

Int Orthop. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06539-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive ability of AI HIP in determining the size and position of prostheses during complex total hip arthroplasty (THA). Additionally, it investigates the factors influencing the accu

ReQuant: improved base modification calling by k-mer value imputation

Nucleic Acids Res. 2025 May 10;53(9):gkaf323. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaf323.ABSTRACTNanopore sequencing allows identification of base modifications, such as methylation, directly from raw current data. Prevailing approaches, including deep learning (DL) methods, require training data covering all possibl

Integration of sentinel node mapping and molecular classification in endometrial cancer staging

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.70206. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSentinel node mapping has gained popularity in surgical staging of endometrial cancer, providing a less invasive alternative to lymphadenectomy for staging purpose. Recent advances in molecular classification

Optimizing Deep Learning Models for Luminal and Nonluminal Breast Cancer Classification Using Multidimensional ROI in DCE-MRI-A Multicenter Study

Cancer Med. 2025 May;14(9):e70931. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70931.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: Previous deep learning studies have not explored the synergistic effects of ROI dimensions (2D/2.5D/3D), peritumoral expansion levels (0-8 mm), and segmentation scenarios (ROI only vs. ROI original). Our study aims to eva

Large Language Models for Diagnosing Focal Liver Lesions From CT/MRI Reports: A Comparative Study With Radiologists

Liver Int. 2025 Jun;45(6):e70115. doi: 10.1111/liv.70115.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND & AIMS: Whether large language models (LLMs) could be integrated into the diagnostic workflow of focal liver lesions (FLLs) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate two generic LLMs (ChatGPT-4o and Gemini) regarding their di

Clinical Validation of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sleep Staging From Oximetry and Photoplethysmography-SleepAI

J Sleep Res. 2025 May 10:e70093. doi: 10.1111/jsr.70093. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHome sleep apnea tests (HSATs) have emerged as alternatives to in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG), but Type IV HSATs often show limited diagnostic performance. This study clinically validates SleepAI, a novel rem

Impact of CYP2C19 Genotype on Sertraline and Escitalopram Exposure and Antidepressant Switching Rate: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Chinese Han Patients

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3707. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSertraline and escitalopram, commonly used antidepressants in clinical practice, are metabolized by the polymorphic CYP2C19 enzyme. In a large-scale Chinese Han cohort, this study comprehensively examines the infl

Ensemble learning guided survival prediction and chemotherapy benefit analysis in high-grade chondrosarcoma: A study based on the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2025 May-Aug;33(2):10225536251340113. doi: 10.1177/10225536251340113. Epub 2025 May 9.ABSTRACTPurpose: The chemotherapy benefit for high-grade chondrosarcoma remains controversial. Ensemble learning has better overall performance than single computational approaches for cl

Comparing Digital, Mobile and Three-Dimensional Methods in Pressure Injury Measurement: Agreement in Surface Area and Depth Assessments

J Clin Nurs. 2025 May 9. doi: 10.1111/jocn.17813. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAIM: To examine the consistency among three wound measurement methods in assessing pressure injury surface area and to compare manual depth measurement with three-dimensional wound measurement.DESIGN: Methodological and

Natural Language Understanding to Assess Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study Incorporating a Mixed Methods Approach

J Oral Rehabil. 2025 May 9. doi: 10.1111/joor.13986. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Natural language understanding (NLU), a subfield of artificial intelligence, focuses on the computational understanding of human language. This technology offers an objective and quantitative approach to a

Investigating the Interaction Mechanism of CAT-BT-Br and Key Residue Mutations for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer through Molecular Dynamics Simulation

J Phys Chem B. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c02125. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProstate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, second only to lung cancer. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) was formerly known as hormone-resistant prostate cancer. The aim of this study is

Interaction Between Lifestyle, Immunity and Gut Microbiota in Milk Allergy Children

No abstractClin Exp Allergy. 2025 May 10. doi: 10.1111/cea.70080. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:40346839 | DOI:10.1111/cea.70080

Automated Atomic Force Microscopy Analysis Using Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks

Biophys J. 2025 May 8:S0006-3495(25)00283-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2025.05.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAtomic force microscope (AFM) indentation allows high-resolution spatial characterization of biomechanical properties of cells and tissues. Rapid, reproducible, and quantitative analysis of AFM

Letter: Comment on "Enhanced Artificial Intelligence in Bladder Cancer Management: A Comparative Analysis and Optimization Study of Multiple Large Language Models"

No abstractJ Endourol. 2025 May 9. doi: 10.1089/end.2025.0277. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:40346785 | DOI:10.1089/end.2025.0277

Combined assessment of stress hyperglycemia ratio and glycemic variability to predict all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases across different glucose metabolic states: an observational cohort study with machine learning

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025 May 9;24(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02762-0.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and glycemic variability (GV) reflect acute glucose elevation and fluctuations, which correlate with adverse outcomes in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseas

Understanding the gap: a balanced multi-perspective approach to defining essential digital health competencies for medical graduates

BMC Med Educ. 2025 May 9;25(1):682. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07194-8.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Rapid technological advancements have left medical graduates potentially underprepared for the digital healthcare environment. Despite the importance of digital health education, consensus on essential primary me

Accelerating antibody discovery and optimization with high-throughput experimentation and machine learning

J Biomed Sci. 2025 May 9;32(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12929-025-01141-x.ABSTRACTThe integration of high-throughput experimentation and machine learning is transforming data-driven antibody engineering, revolutionizing the discovery and optimization of antibody therapeutics. These approaches employ extens

Negative sampling strategies impact the prediction of scale-free biomolecular network interactions with machine learning

BMC Biol. 2025 May 9;23(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12915-025-02231-w.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Understanding protein-molecular interaction is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms underlying diverse biological processes. Machine learning (ML) techniques have been extensively employed in predicting these intera

SMFF-DTA: using a sequential multi-feature fusion method with multiple attention mechanisms to predict drug-target binding affinity

BMC Biol. 2025 May 9;23(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s12915-025-02222-x.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Drug-target binding affinity (DTA) prediction can accelerate the drug screening process, and deep learning techniques have been used in all facets of drug research. Affinity prediction based on deep learning methods

Mobile health apps for skin cancer triage in the general population: a qualitative study on healthcare providers' perspectives

BMC Cancer. 2025 May 9;25(1):851. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-14244-3.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) integrated with artificial intelligence for skin cancer triage are increasingly available to the general public. Nevertheless, their actual uptake is limited. Although en