Interpretable behavioral clusters of gamblers through unsupervised learning

Acta Psychol (Amst). 2026 May 16;267:106947. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106947. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnderstanding the heterogeneity among highly involved gamblers is critical for the development of effective harm reduction strategies. This study employs unsupervised machine learning to seg

Data-driven decision support in hospital resource planning: an artificial intelligence-based model proposal for emergency department demand

Int J Med Inform. 2026 May 14;216:106483. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2026.106483. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: The sustainability of service quality in healthcare systems is directly related to accurate resource planning, especially in emergency departments with high unpredictability. This

Adaptive fusion of EEG and NIRS with explainable AI reveals neurophysiological markers of cognitive flexibility

Comput Biol Med. 2026 May 16;211:111733. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2026.111733. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCognitive flexibility enables individuals to adapt to changing rules, goals, or uncertainty. This study evaluates the discriminative power of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near

cGAS-STING pathway regulated by spatiotemporal heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment and precision therapy strategies in lung cancer

J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s13046-026-03738-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe cGAS-STING pathway is a central regulator of innate immunity and exhibits a complex dual function in lung cancer: it can activate anti-tumor immune responses but also promote immune escape and meta

A bilingual evaluation of chatbot performance in bruxism-related information: accuracy and readability across two models

BMC Oral Health. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s12903-026-08581-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have increasing applications in healthcare; however, their accuracy and readability across different languages remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to

Diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted point-of-care ultrasound for abdominal free fluid detection in FAST trauma assessment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Emerg Med. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s12873-026-01616-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSTUDY OBJECTIVE: Point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) is widely used in trauma care through the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) protocol, but its accuracy is highly operator-dependent. Artific

Enhancing Drug Response Prediction in Epilepsy with Emerging Multimodal Models: Focus on Clinical, Pharmacologic, and Genomic Factors

CNS Drugs. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1007/s40263-026-01295-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpilepsy is a common neurological disorder, with approximately one-third of the affected population developing drug-resistant epilepsy despite the exponentially increasing number of antiseizure medications (ASMs)

Diffusion models for brain imaging computing: a survey of frameworks and applications

Brain Inform. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1186/s40708-026-00301-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdvances in brain imaging have generated unprecedented volumes of high-dimensional data, yet extracting meaningful information from complex, noisy, and incomplete brain imaging data remains a significant challe

Multi-objective optimization in population pharmacokinetic model selection and optimization: application of NSGA-II in pyDarwin

J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2026 May 16;53(4):26. doi: 10.1007/s10928-026-10036-9.ABSTRACTThe selection of a "good" model usually involves a combination of objective and subjective criteria. Although many aspects of model quality can be expressed numerically, certain desirable characteristics remai

Adaptive PK/PD model optimization: a comparative analysis of bounded optimization methods for individual BIS prediction

No abstractJ Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2026 May 16;53(4):24. doi: 10.1007/s10928-026-10033-y.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42143179 | DOI:10.1007/s10928-026-10033-y

Medical Toxicology is the Overdose Specialty: Implications for the Dimensions and Continuum of Overdose Care

No abstractJ Med Toxicol. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1007/s13181-026-01140-w. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:42143169 | DOI:10.1007/s13181-026-01140-w

Artificial intelligence and person-centred practice: a critical reflection

NPJ Digit Med. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1038/s41746-026-02776-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe introduction of artificial intelligence into healthcare is a reality. Drawing on literature, this critical reflection uses McCance and McCormack's Person-Centred Practice Framework to examine how artificia

AI literacy and school tier moderate educators' ethical coping mechanisms through sedative and reverse Matthew effects

Sci Rep. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-52376-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe rapid penetration of artificial intelligence in education has triggered unprecedented ethical risk perception and response challenges for educators, but existing research lacks systematic exploration of deep eth

Plasma circulating free DNA in chronic schizophrenia: a case-control study

Sci Rep. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-52846-4. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCirculating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) reflects ongoing cell injury and inflammation, but its role in schizophrenia remains unclear. We conducted a case-control study of 33 clinically stabilized patients with chronic sc

Integrating artificial intelligence tools in health research

NPJ Digit Med. 2026 May 16. doi: 10.1038/s41746-026-02739-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDisciplines conducting health research rely on discipline-specific workflows that are distinct from data science, the discipline which develops most artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled research tools. Here we

SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions | Management of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2026 Apr 19:S2152-2650(26)00108-4. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2026.04.008. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrimary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Recent insights into the molecular characteristics of neopla

Multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: When and how to combine nuclear techniques with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

J Nucl Cardiol. 2026 May;59S:102728. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2026.102728. Epub 2026 May 15.ABSTRACTEchocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can demonstrate features of myocardial infiltration in cardiac amyloidosis, but cannot independently establish a definitive diagnosis or determine

Quantitative cardiac amyloid radionuclide imaging

J Nucl Cardiol. 2026 May;59S:102724. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2026.102724. Epub 2026 May 15.ABSTRACTCardiac amyloid radionuclide imaging (CARI) with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) bone-avid tracers plays a key role in the noninvasive detection of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis

An Evaluation of AI Chatbots as Replacements for Specialized Software in Teaching Bayesian Pharmacokinetic Analysis

Am J Pharm Educ. 2026 May 15:102003. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2026.102003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy and reliability of AI chatbots to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters from limited patient samples and population data for potential application in teaching Baye

Integrated Diagnosis of Submassive Pulmonary Embolism Using Computed Tomography Angiography, Echocardiography, and Artificial Intelligence

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2026 May 15:102524. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2026.102524. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: Early intervention in submassive pulmonary embolism (SMPE) has been shown to improve long-term cardiopulmonary outcomes compared to anticoagulation alone. SMPEs are diagn

Artificial intelligence in the differential diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and physiological hypertrophy: a scoping review

Hellenic J Cardiol. 2026 May 15:S1109-9666(26)00087-4. doi: 10.1016/j.hjc.2026.05.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited myocardial disorder and a major cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults and competitive athletes. Dist

The role of whole genome sequencing in antimicrobial susceptibility prediction of bacteria: 2025 update from the EUCAST Subcommittee

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2026 May 15:S1198-743X(26)00248-X. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2026.05.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSCOPE: The 2017 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) subcommittee report on the role of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) in Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Accelerated biological aging in bipolar disorder as determined by artificial intelligence-based electrocardiographic assessment

J Affect Disord. 2026 May 15:121968. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2026.121968. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are at increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events. Recent evidence suggests that the difference between chronological and physiological ag

In vitro evaluation of automated single-unit crown design using artificial intelligence: Design time, marginal misfit, dental morphology, and contact points

J Dent. 2026 May 15:106755. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106755. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To compare an artificial intelligence-based design workflow with a manual CAD workflow in terms of design time, vertical marginal misfit, dental morphology, and interproximal and occlusal contacts